A tavern clock is a large, often plain-faced timepiece historically hung in inns and taverns, particularly in the United Kingdom. They were popular from the mid-18th century onwards, but the name "Act of Parliament clock" is a misleading one. Here's why:
Tavern clocks, the history:
- These clocks existed well before 1797, despite the nickname. Their large size ensured everyone could easily see the time, crucial in establishments where patrons often stayed for extended periods.
- They served multiple purposes: helping travelers set their watches, acting as a marker for "last call," and facilitating scheduled coach arrivals and departures.
Clock tax and the misunderstanding:
- In 1797, William Pitt the Younger implemented a tax on clocks and watches, hoping to raise revenue for the Napoleonic Wars. Gold watches were taxed the most, followed by other metal watches and then clocks.
- The tax proved unpopular and difficult to enforce due to widespread underreporting. It was repealed after just nine months.
Misnomer and the true origin:
- The mistaken association with the clock tax arose later. While some tavern owners may have capitalized on the need for public timekeeping after the tax, most tavern clocks predated it.
- So, calling them "Act of Parliament clocks" is inaccurate and a popular misconception. "Tavern clock" more accurately reflects their historical context and purpose.
In essence, tavern clocks were a practical innovation for inns and taverns, not a direct response to the short-lived clock tax.
